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A

Acquired hepatocerebral degeneration

Acute Disseminated Encephalomyelitis (ADEM)

Acute haemorrhage

Acute ischaemic stroke

Alzheimer's disease

Ankylosing spondylitis

Aqueduct Stenosis

Arterial dissection

Artery of Percheron infarct

Aseptic meningitis

Autosomal Recessive Spastic Ataxia of Charlevoix-Saguenay (ARSACS)

B

Balo's concentric sclerosis

Basilar artery fenestration

Benign parietal thinning

Biotin responsive basal ganglia disease

C

CSF-venous fistula

Capillary telangectasia

Cauda equina compression

Causes of microhaemorrhages

Cerebral Amyloid Angiopathy (CAA)

Cerebral Amyloid Angiopathy-Related Inflammation (CAA-ri)

Cerebral Autosomal Dominant Arteriopathy with Subcortical Infarcts and Leukoencephalopathy (CADASIL)

Cerebral Proliferative Angiopathy (CPA)

Cerebral abscess

Cerebral metastasis

Chiari I malformation

Choroid plexus xanthogranuloma

Clival metastasis

Col4a1 related brain small vessel disease

Compressive myelopathy

Corticobasal Degeneration (CBD)

Craniopharyngioma

Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD)

Cross cerebellar diaschisis

Cytotoxic lesion of the corpus callosum

D

Developmental Venous Anomaly (DVA)

Diffuse Axonal Injury (DAI)

Diffuse hemispheric glioma

Diffuse midline glioma

Drop metastases

Dural venous sinus thrombosis

Dysembryoplastic Neuroepithelial Tumour (DNET)

E

Ecchordosis physaliphora

Embolic infarcts

Endolymphatic Sac Tumour

Epidermoid cyst

Epidural haematoma

F

Facial schwannoma

Falx ossification

Fibromuscular Dysplasia (FMD)

Fibrous dysplasia

Focal Cortical Dysplasia (FCD)

Free floating thrombus

Frontotemporal Dementia (FTD)

G

Giant cell arteritis

Glomus tympanicum

Grey matter heterotopia

H

HIV encephalopathy

HIV-associated myelopathy

HTLV-1 associated myelopathy

Haemangioblastoma

Herpes Simplex Virus (HSV) encephalitis

Hippocampal sclerosis

Huntingdon's disease

Hypertrophic olivary degeneration

Hypertrophic pachymeningitis

Hypoglossal schwannoma

I

IgG4-related disease

Intracerebral haemorrhage

Intracranial aneursym

Intracranial lipoma

Intradiploic epidermoid

Intraosseous haemangioma

Intravascular lymphoma

Ischaemic stroke

K

Kikuchi-Fujimoto Disease

L

L-2 hydroxyglutaric Aciduria

LMNB1-related Autosomal Dominant Leukodystrophy

Labyrinthitis ossificans

Leptomeningeal carcinomatosis

Lhermitte-Duclos Syndrome

Libman Sacks endocarditis

Linear scleroderma

Low grade glioma

M

Medulloblastoma

Mesial temporal sclerosis

Mitochondrial Encephalopathy with Lactic Acidosis and Stroke-like Episodes (MELAS)

Motor Neurone Disease (MND)

Moyamoya syndrome

Multinodular and Vacuolating Neuronal Tumour (MVNT)

Multiple Sclerosis (MS)

Multisystem Atrophy - Cerebellar Type (MSA-C)

Multisystem Atrophy - Parkinsonian Type (MSA-P)

N

Neurenteric cyst

Neurofibromatosis type 1

Non germinomatous germ cell tumour

Normal pressure hydrocephalus

O

Olfactory neuroblastoma

Oligodendroglioma

Optic nerve sheath meningioma

Optic pathway glioma

Ossificiation of the Posterior Longitudinal Ligament (OPLL)

P

Parotid abscess

Pembrolizumab associated brainstem encephalitis

Perineural spread of tumour

Perivascular spaces

Petrous cephalocoele

Pilocytic Astrocytoma (PCA)

Pineal tumour of intermediate differentiation

Pituitary apoplexy

Pituitary macroadenoma

Pituitary microadenoma

Posterior Cerebral Artery (PCA) infarct

Posterior Cortical Atrophy (PCA)

Primary CNS lymphoma

Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy (PML)

Progressive Supranuclear Palsy (PSP)

R

Radiation induced cerebral vasculopathy

Radiation necrosis

Rathke's cleft cyst

Reversible Cerebral Vasoconstriction Syndrome (RCVS)

S

Semantic dementia

Silent sinus syndrome

Solitary fibrous tumour

Spinal CSF leak

Spinal chondrosarcoma

Spinal cord infarct

Spinal cord lipoma

Spinal haemangioblastoma

Spinal meningioma

Spinal schwannoma

Spinoerebellar Ataxia (SCA)

Stroke-like Migraine Attacks after Radiation Therapy (SMART)

Sturge-Weber Syndrome

Subacute Combined Degeneration of the Cord (SACD)

Subarachnoid Haemorrhage (SAH)

Subdural empyema

Subdural haematoma

Subdural hygroma

Superior sagittal sinus

Sylvian aqueduct stenosis

T

Takayasus arteritis

Transient Global Amnesia (TGA)

Trigeminal artery

Trigeminal neuralgia

Trigeminal schwannoma

Tumefactive demyelination

Tumefactive perivascular spaces

V

Varicella Zoster Virus (VZV) Vasculitis

Vascular dementia

Vein of Galen malformation

Vertebral artery dissection

Vertebral haemangioma

Vertebral mestasis

Vertebral metastasis

Vestibular schwannoma

W

Warthin's tumour